TOPIC GUIDE 03 / Architecture & Web3

DApp Decentralized Platform

Design the complete application journey—from a readable interface to an authorized action and a trustworthy account of its result.

Architecture & tradeoffsPractical next stepsOpen to read

The contract is not the whole application

Ethereum’s developer documentation describes a dapp as a frontend combined with a smart contract. That is an important boundary: publishing an interface and enforcing an application rule are different jobs. Include both in your architecture and release review.

Map reads separately from writes. An indexer might assemble a convenient history for display while a contract or program enforces an authoritative permission. Label which answer the application depends on before presenting a sensitive action as available.

Make failure a product requirement

A user may reject a signing request, change accounts, lose connectivity, or return to an old browser tab. Write the intended behavior for these cases. Distinguish a submitted request from the application’s chosen confirmation condition, and explain uncertainty rather than silently displaying success.

Use a small membership example to test the whole journey. Define who may issue and revoke membership, then try an unauthorized action. Include a delayed read and an unavailable RPC endpoint. The goal is evidence about the application, not a demonstration that a happy-path button can run.

Coordinate releases across layers

Keep contract or program identifiers with the interface release. Document which versions are compatible and who may authorize an upgrade. Retain an older interface during staging tests to reveal assumptions that only appear when the browser is not freshly loaded.

Give the team a reconstruction path for derived indexes and a tested way to serve a known-good frontend. A mirror that still calls an unavailable API may provide only partial recovery. State that limitation before it becomes an incident.

Reference pointEthereum: frontend and smart contract boundaries. The checks here are a proposed review framework; verify your own operating environment.

Questions worth asking

Do all application reads need a transaction?

Do not treat reading existing state and changing authoritative state as the same operation. Review the selected environment’s interfaces and the costs of the surrounding RPC service separately.

What should be tested first?

Use one realistic end-to-end action with an unauthorized user and a deliberately unavailable dependency. This exposes more of the design than an isolated happy-path screen.